34,913 research outputs found
Comparison of a reverse-transverse cross pin technique with a same side cross pin type II external skeletal fixator in 89 dogs
The objective of this study was to determine whether a novel reverse-transverse cross pin insertion technique could increase the stability of type II external skeletal fixators (ESF) in dogs compared with an alternate, same side cross pin ESF. Reverse-transverse cross pin technique and type II ESFs same side cross pin technique were applied and compared among subjects. Two of 42 ESFs (4.8%) applied with the reverse-transverse cross pin technique and 39 of 47 ESFs (83%) applied with the same side cross pin technique were subjectively unstable at the time of fixator removal (P < 0.001). The same side cross pin ESFs had significantly more pin tract new bone formation than the reverse-transverse ESFs (P = 0.038). In summary, this approach may provide a method of treating a variety of musculoskeletal conditions and soft tissue cases, which reverse-transverse cross pin ESFs are tolerated in dogs for a variety of conditions
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Nivolumab plus ipilimumab in the treatment of advanced melanoma.
Advanced melanoma has historically been a difficult disease to treat due to few effective systemic treatment options. However, over the past few years, scientific advancements in immune checkpoint inhibition have resulted in several novel approaches that have changed front-line management of advanced melanoma. Despite these exciting developments, there remains room for improvement in treatment outcomes. Combination immunotherapy, in particular combined cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death 1 (PD-1) blockade, represents an important first step in this direction
Global dispersive solutions for the Gross-Pitaevskii equation in two and three dimensions
We study asymptotic behaviour at time infinity of solutions close to the
non-zero constant equilibrium for the Gross-Pitaevskii equation in two and
three spatial dimensions. We construct a class of global solutions with
prescribed dispersive asymptotic behavior, which is given in terms of the
linearized evolution
Renormalization group approach to spinor Bose-Fermi mixtures in a shallow optical lattice
We study a mixture of ultracold spin-half fermionic and spin-one bosonic
atoms in a shallow optical lattice where the bosons are coupled to the fermions
via both density-density and spin-spin interactions. We consider the parameter
regime where the bosons are in a superfluid ground state, integrate them out,
and obtain an effective action for the fermions. We carry out a renormalization
group analysis of this effective fermionic action at low temperatures, show
that the presence of the spinor bosons may lead to a separation of Fermi
surfaces of the spin-up and spin-down fermions, and investigate the parameter
range where this phenomenon occurs. We also calculate the susceptibilities
corresponding to the possible superfluid instabilities of the fermions and
obtain their possible broken-symmetry ground states at low temperatures and
weak interactions.Comment: 8 pages, 8 figs v
Critical Entanglement for the Half-Filled Extended Hubbard Model
We study the ground state of the one-dimensional extended Hubbard model at
half-filling using the entanglement entropy calculated by Density Matrix
Renormalization Group (DMRG) techniques. We apply a novel curve fitting and
scaling method to accurately identify a order critical point as well
as a Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) critical point. Using open boundary
conditions and medium-sized lattices with very small truncation errors, we are
able to achieve similar accuracy to previous authors. We also report
observations of finite-size and boundary effects that can be remedied with
careful pinning.Comment: 10 pages, 12 figure
Dominant Superconducting Fluctuations in the One-Dimensional Extended Holstein-Extended Hubbard model
The search for realistic one-dimensional (1D) models that exhibit dominant
superconducting (SC) fluctuations effects has a long history. In these 1D
systems, the effects of commensurate band fillings--strongest at
half-filling--and electronic repulsions typically lead to a finite charge gap
and the favoring of insulating density wave ordering over superconductivity.
Accordingly, recent proposals suggesting a gapless metallic state in the
Holstein-Hubbard (HH) model, possibly superconducting, have generated
considerable interest and controversy, with the most recent work demonstrating
that the putative dominant superconducting state likely does not exist. In this
paper we study a model with non-local electron-phonon interactions, in addition
to electron-electron interactions, this model unambiguously possesses dominant
superconducting fluctuations at half filling in a large region of parameter
space. Using both the numerical multi-scale functional renormalization group
for the full model and an analytic conventional renormalization group for a
bosonized version of the model, we demonstrate the existence of dominant
superconducting (SC) fluctuations. These dominant SC fluctuations arise because
the spin-charge coupling at high energy is weakened by the non-local
electron-phonon interaction and the charge gap is destroyed by the resultant
suppression of the Umklapp process. The existence of the dominant SC pairing
instability in this half-filled 1D system suggests that non-local
boson-mediated interactions may be important in the superconductivity observed
in the organic superconductors.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure
Functional renormalization group analysis of the half-filled one-dimensional extended Hubbard model
We study the phase diagram of the half-filled one-dimensional extended Hubbard model at weak coupling using a novel functional renormalization group (FRG) approach. The FRG method includes in a systematic manner the effects of the scattering processes involving electrons away from the Fermi points. Our results confirm the existence of a finite region of bond charge density wave, also known as a "bond order wave" near U=2V and clarify why earlier g-ology calculations have not found this phase. We argue that this is an example in which formally irrelevant corrections change the topology of the phase diagram. Whenever marginal terms lead to an accidental symmetry, this generalized FRG method may be crucial to characterize the phase diagram accurately.First author draf
Renormalization-group approach to superconductivity: from weak to strong electron-phonon coupling
We present the numerical solution of the renormalization group (RG) equations
derived in Ref. [1], for the problem of superconductivity in the presence of
both electron-electron and electron-phonon coupling at zero temperature. We
study the instability of a Fermi liquid to a superconductor and the RG flow of
the couplings in presence of retardation effects and the crossover from weak to
strong coupling. We show that our numerical results provide an ansatz for the
analytic solution of the problem in the asymptotic limits of weak and strong
coupling.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, conference proceedings for the Electron
Correlations and Materials Properties, in Kos, Greece, July 5-9, 200
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